The **United States Department of Justice (DOJ)** is a federal executive department responsible for enforcing federal laws, ensuring public safety, defending the interests of the United States, and upholding civil rights. Established in 1870 to consolidate federal legal affairs under the Attorney General, the DOJ has grown into a vast organization with over 115,000 employees and a budget exceeding $22 billion[1][4][5]. It operates through more than 40 component organizations, including prominent law enforcement agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), and the U.S. Marshals Service[1][4][5]. The DOJ’s core mission is to uphold the rule of law, keep the nation safe, protect civil rights, and ensure a fair and impartial administration of justice across federal, state, local, tribal, and international levels[2][5]. It investigates and prosecutes federal crimes, including terrorism, drug trafficking, organized crime, financial fraud, and cybercrime. The FBI, as the DOJ’s principal investigative arm, leads in areas such as counterterrorism, counterintelligence, and cybercrime[6]. Additionally, the DOJ manages federal prisons and provides leadership and resources to state and local law enforcement agencies. Historically, the DOJ’s origins trace back to the Judiciary Act of 1789, which created the Attorney General's office. Its establishment as a separate department in 1870 allowed for greater coordination of federal law enforcement and legal representation of the government[2][4]. Over time, the DOJ has played a critical role in landmark civil rights enforcement, combating organized crime, and adapting to modern challenges such as cyber threats and international criminal cooperation[1][5]. Today, headquartered in Washington, D.C., with field offices nationwide and abroad, the DOJ continues to influence national security and justice policy, balancing traditional law enforcement with evolving technological and societal demands.